D7291 Dental Code: Understanding Surgical Removal of Impacted Teeth

Dental procedures are categorized by specific codes to ensure accurate billing and treatment documentation. One such code, D7291, refers to the surgical removal of an impacted tooth—a common yet complex dental procedure. Impacted teeth, particularly wisdom teeth, can lead to pain, infection, and misalignment if left untreated.

This comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the D7291 dental code, including its clinical applications, procedural steps, recovery process, and financial considerations. Whether you’re a patient preparing for surgery or a dental professional seeking in-depth insights, this article provides valuable, exclusive information.

2. What is the D7291 Dental Code?

The D7291 code is part of the American Dental Association (ADA) Current Dental Terminology (CDT) and is used to classify the surgical extraction of an impacted tooth with soft and/or hard tissue removal.

Key Features of D7291:

• Applies to fully or partially impacted teeth (commonly wisdom teeth).

• Involves incision and elevation of gum tissue and sometimes bone removal.

• Different from simple extractions (D7140), which do not require surgical intervention.

Comparison of Extraction Codes

3. When is D7291 Used?

D7291 is typically employed in cases where:

• The tooth is fully trapped beneath the gum and bone.

• There is risk of infection or cyst formation.

• The impacted tooth is causing crowding or damage to adjacent teeth.

• Orthodontic treatment requires removal for alignment purposes.

Common Scenarios:

• Wisdom teeth impaction (Third molars).

• Impacted canines affecting bite alignment.

• Supernumerary teeth (extra teeth blocking eruption).

4. Types of Impacted Teeth Requiring D7291

Impacted teeth are classified based on their position:

1. Soft Tissue Impaction – Tooth is covered by gum but not bone.

2. Partial Bony Impaction – Tooth is partially encased in bone.

3. Full Bony Impaction – Tooth is completely trapped in bone (D7291 applies here).

5. Step-by-Step Procedure for Surgical Removal

Step 1: Diagnosis & Imaging

• X-rays or CBCT scans determine tooth position.

• Evaluation of nerve proximity to avoid complications.

Step 2: Anesthesia

• Local anesthesia (numbing the area).

• Sedation options (IV sedation or general anesthesia for complex cases).

Step 3: Incision & Bone Removal

• A flap is lifted to expose the tooth.

• Bone is drilled if necessary.

Step 4: Tooth Sectioning & Extraction

• The tooth may be divided into smaller pieces for easier removal.

Step 5: Suturing & Aftercare

• The site is stitched, and gauze is applied to control bleeding.

(Include a diagram of surgical extraction steps for visual aid.)

6. Preoperative Considerations

• Medical history review (bleeding disorders, medications).

• Pre-surgical instructions (fasting if under sedation).

7. Postoperative Care and Recovery

• First 24 Hours: Ice packs, soft diet, no smoking.

• Pain Management: Prescribed analgesics.

• Healing Timeline: 1-2 weeks for initial recovery.

8. Potential Risks and Complications

• Dry socket (alveolar osteitis).

• Nerve injury (temporary or permanent numbness).

• Infection or swelling.

9. Cost and Insurance Coverage

• Average Cost: $300-$800 per tooth.

• Insurance: Often covered if deemed medically necessary.

10. Alternatives to Surgical Removal

• Monitoring (if asymptomatic).

• Orthodontic-assisted eruption (for impacted canines).

11. FAQs

Q1: Is D7291 only for wisdom teeth?
No, it applies to any fully impacted tooth.

Q2: How long does the procedure take?
Typically 30-60 minutes per tooth.

Q3: When can I resume normal eating?
Soft foods for 3-5 days; normal diet after 1-2 weeks.

12. Conclusion

The D7291 dental code is crucial for documenting surgical removal of fully impacted teeth. Understanding the procedure, risks, and recovery helps patients prepare effectively. Always consult a qualified oral surgeon for personalized care.

13. Additional Resources

• American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS)

• ADA CDT Code Manual